Welcome

Charles R. Frihart, Project Leader, Wood Adhesives Science & Technology, USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

Moderators: Robert J. Moon, Materials Research Engineer, and Alfred W. Christiansen, Retired Chemical Engineer, USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

Future Technology and Product Development in Wood Adhesives: A Customer’s Perspective

Albert G. Landers, Vice President, Technology & Business Process Improvement, and Terry Liles, Director of Adhesive Technology, Huber Engineered Woods, LLC, Commerce, Georgia, USA

Cost Trends Associated with the Production and Delivery of Wood-Based Composites in North America

Jack G. Winterowd, Senior Scientific Specialist, Corporate R&D, Weyerhaeuser Company, Federal Way, Washington, USA

European Industry - Academic Cooperation

Björn A. Källander, R&D Manager, SP Trätek, Swedish National Testing & Research Institute, Wood Technology, Boras, Sweden; and Magnus E.P. Wålinder, Head, Material Science & Product Development, SP Trätek, Swedish National Testing & Research Institute, Wood Technology, Stockholm, Sweden, and Assistant Professor, Biofibre Materials Centre, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden

New Adhesive Development to Meet the Challenges of Tomorrow

Turid Sigvartsen, Product Development Manager, Dynea ASA, Lillestrøm, Norway; and Manfred Dunky, Application Manager, Europe PB&MDF + OSB, Dynea Austria GmbH, Krems, Austria

PLENARY SESSION – BUSINESS

Moderators: Richard M. Rammon, Group Leader and Technology Manager, Georgia-Pacific Resins, Inc., Decatur, Georgia, USA; and Manfred Dunky, Application Manager, Europe PB&MDF + OSB, Dynea Austria GmbH, Krems, Austria

The Who, What, Why, Where, and How of Test Methods and Specifications for Adhesives

Richard A. Cook, President, National Casein, Santa Ana, California, USA

The North American Wood Adhesives Market

Herbert J. Kennedy, Mid-Continent Sales Manager, Wood Adhesives, Georgia-Pacific Resins, Inc., Decatur, Georgia, USA

European Market for Adhesives for Panel Board Products: Current State and Challenges for the Future

Joni Lukkaroinen, Senior Vice President, Europe North, Dynea Oy, Helsinki, Finland; and Manfred Dunky, Application Manager, Europe PB&MDF + OSB, Dynea Austria GmbH, Krems, Austria

Wood Adhesive Trends in Asia

Bunichiro Tomita, Professor, Graduate School of Life & Environmental Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki-ken, Japan (Presented by Chung-Yun Hse, Research Forest Products Technologist, USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Pineville, Louisiana, USA)

SESSION 1A: Analytical Techniques

Moderators: Timothy G. Rials, Professor and Director, Forest Products Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA; and Ken A. Van Langenberg, Team Leader, Adhesives & Composites, Ensis - The joint forces of CSIRO and Scion, Clayton South, Victoria, Australia

The Wood-Resin Interphase: Characterization by Nanoindentation and Chemical Imaging

Williams T.Y. Tze, Research Associate, and Timothy G. Rials, Professor and Director, Forest Products Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA; Steve Kelley, Principal Scientist, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, USA; Siqun Wang, Assistant Professor, Forest Products Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA; and George M. Pharr, Professor, Department of Material Science & Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA

Tg as an Index of Chemical Conversion for Isocyanate Impregnated Yellow-Poplar

Darren Riedlinger, Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Macromolecular Science & Engineering, and Nanjian Sun, Post-Doctoral Research Associate, and Charles E. Frazier, Professor and Director, Wood-Based Composites Center, Department of Wood Science & Forest Products, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA

Near Infrared Monitoring of Resin Loading Prior to Assembly of Engineered Wood Products

Bruce M. Broline, Research Manager, North America, and Reginald A. Mbachu, Senior Research Chemist and Group Leader, Analytical Services, North America, Dynea USA, Springfield, Oregon, USA; and Tyler G. Congleton, Composite Products Technical Manager, Jeld-Wen Inc., Chiloquin, Oregon, USA

Hydroxymethylated Resorcinol Coupling Agent: Stress Relaxation Analysis

Nanjian Sun, Research Associate, and Charles E. Frazier, Professor and Director, Wood-Based Composites Center, Department of Wood Science & Forest Products, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA

Characterizing Resin Distribution and Penetration of MDF Wood Fibers

Leslie H. Groom, Project Leader, Chi-Leung So, Post-Doctoral Scientist, and Thomas Elder, Research Scientist, USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Pineville, Louisiana, USA; Thomas Pesacreta, Director, Microscopy Center, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, Louisiana, USA; and Timothy G. Rials, Professor and Director, Forest Products Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA

Dielectric Characterization of Phenol-Formaldehyde Adhesive Cure

Fred A. Kamke, JELD-WEN Professor of Wood-Based Composite Science, Department of Wood Science & Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA

Use of X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy for Characterization of Wood Surfaces in Adhesion Studies

James F. Beecher, Group Leader, and Charles R. Frihart, Project Leader, Wood Adhesives Science & Technology, USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

SESSION 1B: Bond Durability

Moderator: Douglas J. Gardner, Professor of Wood Science, Department of Forest Management and Advanced Engineered Wood Composites Center, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA

A Proposed Mechanism for Adhesive Bonding Using Hydroxy Methyl Resorcinol (HMR)

Douglas J. Gardner, Professor of Wood Science, Department of Forest Management and Advanced Engineered Wood Composites Center, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA; Charles E. Frazier, Professor and Director, Wood-Based Composites Center, Department of Wood Science & Forest Products, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA; and Alfred W. Christiansen, Retired Chemical Engineer, USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

Assessment of Increased Wet-Wood Strength for Epoxy Bonded Samples Using a Melamine-Urea-Formaldehyde Priming Agent

Jermal G. Chandler, Chemist, and Charles R. Frihart, Project Leader, Wood Adhesives Science & Technology, USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

Influence of RF Cure Time on the Performance of Poly(vinyl acetate) Latex Adhesives

Austin E. Graybill, Former Student, and Nicole R. Brown, Assistant Professor of Wood Chemistry, School of Forest Resources, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA

The Effects of Chemically Modified Wood on Bond Durability

Rishawn L. Brandon, Chemical Engineer, Rebecca E. Ibach, Research Chemist, and Charles R. Frihart, Project Leader, Wood Adhesives Science & Technology, USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

Evaluation of Wood Adhesives for a Glue-Laminated Softwood

Gary M. Raftery, Ph.D. Student, and Annette M. Harte, Senior Lecturer, Department of Civil Engineering, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland

Penetration and Performance of pMDI Resin on Selected Wood Species

Timothy M. Gruver, Graduate Research Assistant, and Nicole R. Brown, Assistant Professor of Wood Chemistry, School of Forest Resources, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA

Rheological and Fracture Cleavage Analysis of the Effects of Phenolic Additives on the Durability of PVAc Latex Adhesives

Francisco Lopez-Suevos, MECD/Fulbright Post-Doctoral Visiting Scholar, and Charles E. Frazier, Professor and Director, Wood-Based Composites Center, Department of Wood Science & Forest Products, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA

SESSION 2A: Resin Synthesis and Analysis

Moderator: Charles E. Frazier, Professor and Director, Wood-Based Composites Center, Department of Wood Science & Forest Products, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA

Static and Dynamic Mechanical Methods for Evaluating Wood/Adhesive Interactions

Sudipto Das, Graduate Research Assistant, and Charles E. Frazier, Professor and Director, Wood-Based Composites Center, Department of Wood Science & Forest Products, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA

UMF Resin Diffusion into MDF Wood Fibers

Pierre-Louis Cyr, Ph.D. Candidate, and Bernard Riedl, Senior Professor, Department of Wood & Forest Sciences, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada; Xiang-Ming Wang, Research Scientist and Group Leader, Forintek Canada Corporation, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada; and Stephen M. Shaler, Professor and Assistant Director, Advanced Engineered Wood Composites Center, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA

(PowerPoint not available) Demonstration of Co-polymerization in Melamine-Urea-Formaldehyde and Cellulose-Urea-Formaldehyde Reactions Using 15N NMR Correlation Spectroscopy

Amy Philbrook, Ph.D. Candidate, Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; Noel Dunlop, Senior Technologist, Orica Australia Pty. Ltd., Deer Park, Victoria, Australia; and Christopher J. Easton, Professor of Organic Chemistry, and Max A. Keniry, Research Fellow, Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia

Various Synthesis and Storage Parameters of Urea-Formaldehyde Resins and Particleboard Bonding and Formaldehyde Emission Performance

Moon G. Kim, Professor, Department of Forest Products, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA

Characterization of Adhesive Behavior Under High Temperature for Engineered Wood Products

Sheldon Q. Shi, Assistant Professor, Department of Forest Products, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA

Characterizing Local Curing of Liquid Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin on Wood Surfaces Using Micro-Thermal Analysis

Anbu Clemensis Johnson, Post-Doctoral Fellow, and Ning Yan, Assistant Professor and Associate Director, Pulp & Paper Centre, Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

SESSION 2B: Properties of Engineered Products

Moderator: Roland Hernandez and Douglas R. Rammer, Research Engineers, USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

Experience in Engineered Wood Applications with Moisture Curing One-Component Polyurethane Adhesives in Europe

Joseph Gabriel, Technical Director, Purbond AG, Sempach-Station, Switzerland

Melamine-Formaldehyde Adhesives as Structural Laminating Resins

Michael M. Goerger, Senior Research Chemist, Dynea USA, Springfield, Oregon, USA

Melamine and Melamine-Urea Adhesives for the European Glulam Market

Kristin Grøstad, Chief Research Scientist, and Egil B. Ormstad, Senior Technical Manager, Product Development Europe, Dynea ASA, Lillestrøm, Norway

Adhesive Performance at Elevated Temperatures for Engineered Wood Products

Borjen Yeh, Director, Technical Services Division, and Benjamin Herzog, Staff Scientist, APA – The Engineered Wood Association, Tacoma, Washington, USA; and Parry Ipsen, New Product Engineer, and Rob Brooks, Raw Material Technical Manager, Trus Joist – A Weyerhaeuser Business, Boise, Idaho, USA

Thermal Stability of Structural 1 P PUR Adhesives

Klaus Richter, Head, Wood Laboratory, and Michel Barbezat, Research Scientist, Laboratory of Materials & Engineering, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratory for Materials Testing & Research, Duebendorf, Switzerland; and Antonio Pizzi, Professor of Industrial Chemistry, ENSTIB, and Deputy Director, LERMAB, Integrated Research Unit INRA/ENGREF, University Henri Poincaré-Nancy 1, Epinal, France; and Aurelien Despres, Ph.D. Student, ENSTIB, University Henri Poincaré-Nancy 1, Epinal, France

Strength Properties of Wood Adhesives After Exposure to Fire

Björn A. Källander, R&D Manager, SP Trätek, Swedish National Testing & Research Institute, Wood Technology, Boras, Sweden; and Per Lind, Utilization & Durability, NTI Norwegian Institute for Wood Technology Research, Oslo, Norway

Shear Fracture Properties of Green-Glued Polyurethane Adhesive Bonds

Magdalena Sterley, Research Engineer, SP Trätek, Swedish National Testing & Research Institute, Wood Technology, Stockholm, Sweden; and P.J. Gustafsson, Professor, Division of Structural Mechanics, Lund Institute of Technology, Lund, Sweden

DISCUSSION FORUM

Utility of Horioka’s and Marra’s Models for Adhesive Failure

Charles R. Frihart, Project Leader, Wood Adhesives Science & Technology, USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

Moving Beyond Commodity Composite Products – Into a New Realm

Philip E. Humphrey, Founder, Adhesive Evaluation Systems, Inc., and Affiliate Professor, Department of Wood Science & Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA

Are Epoxy-Wood Bonds Durable Enough?

Charles R. Frihart, Project Leader, Wood Adhesives Science & Technology, USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

SESSION 3A: Bio-Based Adhesives

Moderator: Chung-Yun Hse, Research Forest Products Technologist, USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Pineville, Louisiana, USA

Investigation of Green Wood Adhesives from Soy Protein

Yuan Liu, Ph.D. Student, and Kaichang Li, Associate Professor, Department of Wood Science & Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA

Application of Liquefied Wood Prepared by Ozone Treated Wood: Synthesis and Properties of Liquefied Wood/Epoxy Resins Having a High Wood Content

Masahiko Kobayashi, JSPS Research Fellow, Department of Wood-Based Materials, Composite Products Laboratory, Forestry & Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Toshiyuki Asano, Principal Researcher, Ibaraki Industrial Technology Center, Ibaraki, Japan; and Bunichiro Tomita, Professor, and Mikio Kajiyama, Associate Professor, Graduate School of Life & Environmental Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki-ken, Japan

Mechanical and Physical Properties of Bio-Composites from Wood Fiber and Liquefied Wood/Phenol/Formaldehyde Co-Condensation Resin

Hui Pan, Graduate Research Assistant, and Todd F. Shupe, Associate Professor, School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA; and Chung-Yun Hse, Research Forest Products Technologist, USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Pineville, Louisiana, USA

Durable Soy-Based Adhesive Dispersions

James M. Wescott, Chief Technology Officer, and Amy Traska, Technologist, Heartland Resource Technologies, Waunakee, Wisconsin, USA; and Charles R. Frihart, Project Leader, Wood Adhesives Science & Technology, and Linda Lorenz, Chemist, USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

Liquefaction of Wood with ε-Caprolactone and Application to Wood Adhesion in situ

Masayuki Kiyabu, Hiroko Yamada, and Shunsuke Abe, Graduate Students, Bunichiro Tomita, Professor, and Mikio Kajiyama, Associate Professor, Graduate School of Life & Environmental Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki-ken, Japan

Bonding Properties of Konjac Glucomannan and Chitosan Composites

Kenji Umemura, Assistant Professor, Laboratory of Sustainable Materials, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan; Akio Inoue, Head, Adhesion & Glue Laminating Laboratory, Forestry & Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; and Shuichi Kawai, Professor, Laboratory of Sustainable Materials, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan

Secondary Structural Changes During Adhesive Processing of Soy Protein Isolate via ATR-IR

Jeanne N. Shera, Ph.D. Student, Thames-Rawlins Research Group, J.W. Rawlins, Assistant Professor, and S.F. Thames, University President and Distinguished University Research Professor, School of Polymers & High Performance Materials, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi, USA

SESSION 3B: Composite Products

Moderators: Fred A. Kamke, JELD-WEN Professor of Wood-Based Composite Science, Department of Wood Science & Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA; and Leslie H. Groom, Project Leader, USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Pineville, Louisiana, USA

Changes in Studies as OSB Grows-Up

Robert A. Breyer, Senior Technology Manager, P.S. Baxter and J.H. Knight, Senior Development Chemists, J.D. Cothran, Associate Chemist, D.L. Atkinson and C.E. Vest, Technologists, and D.W. Price, Development Chemist, Wood Adhesives, Georgia-Pacific Resins, Inc., Decatur, Georgia, USA

Comparison of Formaldehyde Emission from Building Finishing Materials at Various Temperatures in an Under-Floor Heating System: ONDOL

Sumin Kim, Ph.D. Candidate, and Hyun-Joong Kim, Associate Professor, Laboratory of Adhesion & Bio-Composites, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea

Toward an Understanding of Fiber-Adhesive Interactions in MDF Manufacture: Mill-Scale Trial

Warren J. Grigsby, Senior Scientist, and Armin Thumm and Peter Burrell, Scientists, Biomaterials Engineering Group, Scion, Rotorua, New Zealand

Temperature and Reactant Injection Effects on the Bonding Kinetics of Thermosetting Adhesives

Philip E. Humphrey, Founder, Adhesive Evaluation Systems, Inc., and Affiliate Professor, Department of Wood Science & Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA

Low Temperature Fast Curing Coatings for the Surface Treatment of Wood Composite Panels

Jianwen (Jim) Ni, Senior Development Chemist, Wood Adhesives R&D, Anna Eley, Technologist, Wood Adhesives R&D, Brett Neumann, Senior Development Chemist, Pine Chemicals R&D, Phillip W. Hurd, Research Scientist, Pine Chemicals R&D, and Pablo Dopico, Group Leader, Wood Adhesives R&D, Georgia-Pacific Resins, Inc., Decatur, Georgia, USA

The New Way for Plywood Foam Gluing

Jouni Rainio, R&D Manager, Hexion Specialty Chemicals Oy, Puhos, Finland

Use of In-Mold Dielectric Analysis in Particleboard Production

Richard Magill, R&D Director, Signature Control Systems, Lakewood, Colorado, USA

SESSION 4A: Resin Chemistry

Moderator: Rob Schmidt, Senior Vice President, Market Applications, Dynea North America, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada

Structure and Properties of Radiation-Curable Resins for Bonding Wood

Timothy G. Rials, Professor and Director, G.F. Dorsey, Research Chemist, and Ting Song, Graduate Research Assistant, Forest Products Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA; Steve Kelley, Principal Scientist, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, USA; William W. Moschler, Research Associate, Forest Products Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA; and B. Griffith, Program Leader, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA

Effect of Molecular Weight on Bonding Performance for Liquid Phenolic Resins

Guangbo He, Post-Doctoral Fellow, and Ning Yan, Assistant Professor and Associate Director, Pulp & Paper Centre, Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

A Honeymoon-Type Adhesive for Wood Products Based on Acetoacetylated Poly(vinyl alcohol) and Diamines: Effect of Diamines and Degree of Acetoacetylation

Atsushi Mori, Research Associate, Masaaki Morita, Student, Kazuhisa Tashiro, Graduate Student, Masahiro Takatani, Associate Professor, and Tadashi Okamoto, Professor, Department of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kinki University, Nakamachi, Nara, Japan

Resins for Ultra-Low Formaldehyde Emission According to Japanese F**** Quality

Manfred Dunky, Application Manager, Europe PB&MDF + OSB, Dynea Austria GmbH, Krems, Austria

Moisture Curing, Liquid Polyurethane Adhesive for Structural Wood Bonding Applications

Wu Suen, Senior Associate, and Charles W. Paul, NSC Fellow, National Starch & Chemical Company, Bridgewater, New Jersey, USA

pMDI Co-Binder for Oriented Strandboard

Gang-Fung Chen, Development Fellow, and Tom Bidwell, Statistician, Ashland Specialty Chemical Company, Columbus, Ohio, USA

(PowerPoint not available) The Solution for Low Emission Panels – A Highly Efficient and Extremely Consistent Resin – ART Resin Technology

John G. Sharp, Consultant, Resins & Panel Process Technology (United Kingdom and Brazil), Stirling, United Kingdom

SESSION 4B: General Topics

Moderator: Magnus E.P. Wålinder, Head, Material Science & Product Development, SP Trätek, Swedish National Testing & Research Institute, Wood Technology, Stockholm, Sweden, and Assistant Professor, Biofibre Materials Centre, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden

(PowerPoint not available) Wood Bonding by Vibrational and Rotational Friction Welding

Antonio Pizzi, Professor of Industrial Chemistry, ENSTIB, and Deputy Director, LERMAB, Integrated Research Unit INRA/ENGREF, University Henri Poincaré-Nancy 1, Epinal, France; and Milena Properzi, Research Scientist, and Frédéric Pichelin, Head, R&D Panel Products, School of Architecture, Civil & Wood Engineering, HSB University of Applied Sciences, Biel-Bienne, Switzerland

(PowerPoint not available) LWVT – An Innovative Wood Bonding Technique

Milena Properzi and Stefanie Wieland, Research Scientists, Frédéric Pichelin, Head, R&D Panel Products, and Balz Gfeller, School of Architecture, Civil & Wood Engineering, HSB University of Applied Sciences, Biel-Bienne, Switzerland

Wood Adhesion Mechanisms: Prediction of Wood-Thermoplastic-Water Interactions

Magnus E.P. Wålinder, Head, Material Science & Product Development, SP Trätek, Swedish National Testing & Research Institute, Wood Technology, Stockholm, Sweden, and Assistant Professor, Biofibre Materials Centre, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden; and Kristoffer Segerholm and Lars-Elof Bryne, Ph.D. Students, Division of Building Materials, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden

High Class Adhesive Systems for Production of Sandwich Parquet

Astrid Pedersen, Chief Research Scientist, Product Development Europe, Dynea ASA, Lillestrøm, Norway

Bondability of Tropical Fast-Growing Tree Species

Eka Mulya Alamsyah, Ph.D. Student, Masaaki Yamada, Assistant Professor, Kinji Taki, Professor, and Hiroaki Yoshida, Professor Emeritus, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan; and Atsunori Inai, Technical Development Manager, Koshii & Company, Ltd., Osaka, Japan

Bonding Strength Evaluation of Modified Commercial Adhesives on Bamboo and Bamboo-Wood Combinations

Marina A. Alipon, Scientist I, Mildred M. Fidel, Supervising Science Research Specialist, and Elvina O. Bondad, Science Research Specialist II, Department of Science & Technology, Forest Products Research & Development Institute, College, Laguna, Philippines

Acetaldehyde Emission from Glued-Laminated Timber Using Phenol-Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Resin Adhesives with the Addition of Ethanol

Shin-ichiro Tohmura, Senior Researcher, Kohta Miyamoto, Researcher, and Akio Inoue, Head, Adhesion & Glue Laminating Laboratory, Forestry & Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan